October War is the fourth Arab-Israeli war launched by Egypt and Syria against Israel in 1973. The
war began on Saturday, October 6th, 1973, corresponding to Day 10 of Ramadan 1393 AH surprise attack by the Egyptian army and the Syrian army on the Israeli troops who were stationed in the Sinai and the Golan Heights. And it contributed to the war, some Arab countries, whether militarily or economically.
War known as the October War or the tenth of Ramadan War in Egypt as known in Syria as the October Liberation War either Israel releasing the name of the Yom Kippur War (Hebrew: מלחמת יום כיפור, Milkhmt Yom Kippur).
The Egyptian and Syrian armies desired strategic objectives behind military surprise for Israel, there have been significant achievements in the first days after the war, where Egyptian troops penetrated 20 km east of the Suez Canal, and was able to Syrian troops from entering deep into the Golan Heights up to the Hula Valley and the Sea of Galilee, but came out anti-aircraft missile umbrella for unknown reasons until now it commands the advanced forces to withdraw and retreat came a convertible and without air cover, which enabled the Israeli air force to inflict heavy losses on the retreating troops. In the end of the war the Israeli army Vantash For the Egyptian front was able to open a gap Deversoir and across the West Bank of the channel and hit the siege on the Third Army field but failed to achieve any strategic gains control of both the city of Suez or the destruction of the Third Army. And on the Syrian front was able to reply Syrian troops from the Golan Heights.
Two great nations intervened at that time in the war indirectly where the Soviet Union provided arms Syria and Egypt, while the United States supplied Israel with military equipment. At the end of the war the work of US Secretary of State Henry Kissinger as an intermediary between the two sides reached a truce agreement remains in force between Syria and Israel. It changed Egypt and Israel Armistice Agreement a comprehensive peace agreement in the "Camp David" in 1979.
War officially ended with the signing of the disengagement in the May 31, 1974 agreement where Israel agreed to return the city of Quneitra, Syria and the eastern bank of the Suez Canal to Egypt in exchange for removal of the Egyptian and Syrian forces from the ceasefire line and the establishment of a special force for the United Nations to monitor the achievement of the Convention.
Of the most important results of the war to recover full sovereignty over the Suez Canal, and the recovery of all land in the Sinai Peninsula. And the recovery of part of the Syrian Golan Heights, including the city of Kenitra and return to Syrian sovereignty. Other findings legend crash that Israel's army is not invincible and that he would say the military leaders in Israel, and that the war paved the way for the Camp David agreement between Egypt and Israel, which was held in September 1978 following Anwar Sadat's historic initiative in November 1977 and his visit to Jerusalem. War also led to the return of navigation in the Suez Canal in June 1975 m.
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Moataz Torky
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